SEARCH FINESCALE.COM

Enter keywords or a search phrase below:

The Gokstad Ship

10598 views
13 replies
1 rating 2 rating 3 rating 4 rating 5 rating
  • Member since
    May 2003
  • From: Greenville, NC
The Gokstad Ship
Posted by jtilley on Tuesday, July 30, 2013 3:13 PM

Revell's "Viking Ship" kit is actually an extremely accurate model of the Gokstad Ship, one of the two biggest Norse archeological finds of the late nineteenth century.  She and the Oseberg Ship are the main exhibits at the Viking Museum in Oslo.

Here's a model of her that I built a few years ago, based on the Revell kit.  It's one of my favorites - and, with its 1976 date, the last genuinely new sailing ship that Revell of the U.S. ever did.  The planking detail on it looks remarkably like the excellent Imai kits.

The Gokstad Ship was buried in a big mound of dirt, and the stem- and sternposts stuck up into a more acidic layer.  They apparently rotted away long before the ship was excavated; whether they ever had dragons' heads, or any other decoration, on them is unknown.  Revell includes a pair of reconstructed parts that are based on other Norse carvings, but I didn't care for them.  (It's also been said that those carvings are of the wrong date.)  I decided to trim the stem- and sternposts off in a curve, as was done on the real ship when she went on exhibition. 

This time I actually had the foresight to snap a few shots while I was working on the model.  This is about the only one that's worth looking at.  The Revell designers did an amazing job with the planking - including the slight variations in the plank widths at the bow and stern.  They match the detailed drawings in The Viking Ships, by A.W. Brogger and Haaken Shetelig, precisely.  What Revell didn't do, for some reason, was indicate the ends of the planks.  In the foreground is the little v-gouge that I used to add them.

This is the only model I've built with a set sail since I was a kid.  I figured it could be done pretty effectively, because the scale is so large (1/64 - contrary to what the box claims) and the sail (or what's believed to be the sail) of the Gokstad Ship was, by the standards of later centuries, quite remarkable in its construction.  A big heap of yellow and black wool, badly deteriorated, was found in the grave site where the ship was buried.  It's thought that this is the sail (or at least may be).  Several illustrations from the Viking era show sails with criscross grids on them.  One interpretation (not original to me by any stretch of the imagination) is that the sail was woven out of strips of yellow and black cloth, with strips of leather to reinforce them and give the sail its shape.

I made the sail from the lightest-weight resume paper I could find at Office Depot.  (It has a clothlike texture that's believable on this scale.)  I painted it with black and yellow PollyScale paint, and made the "leather" strips out of (drum roll please) Scotch magic tape.  (3M says the adhesive on it is "archival quality." We'll see.)  This sort of sail is easy to set in a convincing shape, just using the sheets and tacks.  The reef points (closer to the foot than the head) show in several old Norse images.  On each leech you can see a little rope loop, whose purpose is to hold the end of the "bietas," a long pole used to stretch the weather leech when the ship is working to windward.  The two bietases are stowed on the T-shaped racks abaft the mast.

Rigging a Viking ship presents lots of interesting problems.  The only obvious "belaying points" in the Gokstad Ship are four wood cleats at the stern.  Some researchers have suggested that Viking ships didn't have shrouds or stays, but the guys who've built replicas and sailed them generally think such "standing rigging" would have been necessary - though it could be struck quickly when the mast was lowered.

Revell provides nice replicas of a pair of big gadgets that are thought to have functioned sort of like modern deadeyes or hearts; I figured the forestay would be a logical place for them.  Just under the main rail on each side of the ship is a strip of oak with small notches cut in it.  The archeologists call it the "shield rail," theorizing that the shields outside the gunwales were secured to it.  I figure it also would have been a good place to belay lines.  Revell molded the shield rail integrally with the hull halves (the gap between it and the gunwale would have been less than 1/64"), so I drilled holes through the gunwales at the notches, rove the lines through the holes, and brought them back in again through the adjacent holes.  (The holes outside the hull are hidden behind the shields.)  The few rigging blocks are made from scrap plastic.

The decals for the shields in the kit are nice, but half the shields found in the Gokstad Ship are painted black and the other half yellow.  (I can't say the same for the decal that's intended to go on the vacformed "sail." It looks like a caricature lifted from a comic book.  One of the first things one learns when studying the Vikings seriously is that the horned helmet is NOT part of the Norse tradition. Wagnerian sopranos, yes; Vikings no. ) 

The shields have leather straps, which apparently held them to the shield rail when they weren't in use.  I puzzled for a long time over a material to represent the straps.  It finally came to me - quite literally - in the bathroom:  flat, unwaxed dental floss.  (Walmart.) 

My jaw practically fell off when, in the first episode of that History Channel series about the Vikings, I saw that somebody had built a replica Viking ship with the steering oar on the PORT side.  No way!  (Revell got it right.)

There are a few omissions from the Revell kit. The most conspicuous are two little triangular boards that stretch across from port to starboard at the bow and stern.  Easily made from scrap plastic. (The after one is visible in the first photo above.)  More problematically, Revell's rendition of the knees that connect the deck beams with the hull sides is fakey.  I built up the knees with Milliput - the terra cotta kind, so the color would be similar to the plastic.  (I paint everything, of course, but things are easier if the base color is consistent.)

The deck boards are pine, whereas the beams, knees, and hull planking are oak.  I tried to take that into consideration when it came time for the paint job.  Revell, according to the aforementioned plans, got the layout and dimensions of the deck boards exactly right.  They apparently just sat in rabbets on the edges of the deck beams, and could be removed to get access to the hull underneath.

I build cases for my larger models, but this one is small enough to fit in our curio cabinet.  I figured on making a walnut or cherry base for it, but when I went to the Woodcraft store looking for lumber this piece of spalted birdseye maple just screamed "Viking ship" at me.  I routed a decorative edge on it (I like my little Ryobi "trim router" and a set of miniature molding bits for that purpose), and finished it with Watco Danish oil.  I didn't care for the little base pieces Revell included.  The model is mounted on a pair of brass tubes, their ends swaged out with a plumber's flaring tool, sitting on a pair of brass washers (all liberally coated with gloss clear lacquer).  Two long bolts run through the tubes into nuts stuck (REALLY stuck) to the bottom of the deck with CA.  (With 20/20 hindsight I wish I'd made the tubes a little skinnier, but I think I got the height about right.  Daddy - where are you when I need you?)

This was a fascinating and fun - and not too long - project.  I highly recommend the kit - though the newer Emhar model of the Gokstad Ship appears to be just as good (and maybe a little better in some ways).  Getting up close and personal with a model like this leaves one in awe of the people who designed and built the original.

Thanks for looking.

Youth, talent, hard work, and enthusiasm are no match for old age and treachery.

  • Member since
    March 2012
  • From: Marysville, WA
Posted by David_K on Tuesday, July 30, 2013 5:56 PM

Funny you mention the Series "Vikings", from the History Channel... we watched the first season and though it was fun programming!

Love the Ship, John.

        _~
     _~ )_)_~
     )_))_))_)
     _!__!__!_         
     (_D_P_K_)
   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    ~~~~~~~~~~~

Current Project:  Imai/ERTL Spanish Galleon #2

Recently Finished: Revell 1/96 Cutty Sark

Next Up:  ???

 

  • Member since
    September 2012
Posted by GMorrison on Tuesday, July 30, 2013 7:29 PM

I've been looking forward to seeing this model. I'm glad you are now posting pics. There's been quite a bit of discussion abt these ships here in the past, when I was a different identity. So it doesn't bear repeating, but it is a great model and a fine building job.

One would be tempted to add the sailors chests/ benches. I also am one of those who doubt that they sailed much with their shields like that, but that's an open question.

I completely agree with your decision not to mount those serpent head things. A wise choice, and a much better looking boat for it.

many many years ago I had too much spare time, a new car that I was delivering and found myself in the lower part of Portugal. I drove way out to the coast and spent the day knocking around a little fishing village and watching them net cast in the surf.

Most of the people had red hair and freckles. I would have liked to spend more time learning about their ancestors.

Best looking Viking sail I've ever seen. Didn't the Aurora kit have a red/ white striped vinyl sail with a dragon decal? Oh, and men with horned helmets.

 Modeling is an excuse to buy books.

 

  • Member since
    May 2003
  • From: Greenville, NC
Posted by jtilley on Tuesday, July 30, 2013 8:00 PM

Yeah, the old Aurora kit had a vinyl sail (or maybe it was oilcloth; I remember thinking, when I was in about the fifth grade, how much it looked like my raincoat) with red and white stripes - on the front only.  And lots of guys with horned helmets.  I have lots of pleasant memories of that kit; it introduced lots of kids to ship modeling, and to the Vikings.  But it has virtually nothing to do with real Viking ships.

And yeah, it did have a dragon decal for the sail.  In its original release the Revell one had a similar decal; the hideous caricature being packaged with it now seems to be a figment of the imagination of Revell Germany.  But thank heaven the kit is still available.

Some time back I bought two sets of 1/72 Vikings from Emhar.  (A tall man on 1/72 is an average-height man on 1/64; they'd work.)  One set consists of warriors, the other of rowers.  The latter comes with benches/seachests for them to sit on.  One of these days I may paint them all and man the ship (my wife wants me to), but I've got a lot of other projects in mind.  And I think including the benches and people might give the model a cluttered (if realistic) look that would detract from those beautiful, simple hull lines.  I don't know.

I think it's generally agreed that Viking ships were rarely sailed (or rowed) with their shields hung on the gunwales.  That was probably a ceremonial tradition.  I also rather doubt that a Viking military unit would go into battle carrying black and yellow shields - all uniform in size and shape.  It seems more likely that, in combat, each man would own his own shield, which might be a lot different from his neighbor's.  But the ones on the model do look like the ones found in the ship.  Revell did a nice job on them.

Youth, talent, hard work, and enthusiasm are no match for old age and treachery.

  • Member since
    February 2003
  • From: Lacombe, LA.
Posted by Big Jake on Tuesday, July 30, 2013 8:07 PM

Damned impressive BUILD

 

 

  • Member since
    July 2010
  • From: Tempe AZ
Posted by docidle on Friday, August 9, 2013 2:42 AM

I think I need to build another Viking ship and incorporate some of the awesome work you did Professor.

       

 

 

  • Member since
    November 2013
Posted by Bikerbuster on Saturday, December 7, 2013 6:05 AM

Very late to the show with this one, but when was reading handouts at the viking centre in Largs, it would appear that they hung their shields on the the rail as they were approaching the shoreline so they could drop the oars and lift the shield as they were leaping over the side, it saved having a melee of a sort out before contact.  Typically every shield would be different as each warrior had his own 'brand'.

Burial/ceremonial ships on the other hand would have very specific designs to honour the interred person.

  • Member since
    May 2003
  • From: Greenville, NC
Posted by jtilley on Monday, December 9, 2013 8:21 AM

It's been pretty firmly established that the Gokstad Ship wasn't built as a funerary vessel.  (There are signs of repairs and other aging that suggest it was in service for quite a few years before it was buried.)  But the shields are another matter.  It's entirely possible that they were built for the specific occasion of the burial of the chieftain.  That would explain why they're all the same size, and painted in the same two colors.

The other surviving major Viking ship, the Oseberg Ship, appears to have been a "state barge" or other pleasure/ceremonial vessel.  It obviously wasn't built for seagoing use; the Gokstad Ship was.  Various replicas of it have established that it was entirely capable of handling the North Sea and the Atlantic.  The notion that Leif Ericsson sailed such a ship to North America, however, is demonstrably false.  Ericsson's ship in all probability was a "knarr," a considerably later and tubbier type of cargo vessel.  The Gokstad Ship probably was built for general purpose use, as either a warship or a trader (or both).

Youth, talent, hard work, and enthusiasm are no match for old age and treachery.

  • Member since
    July 2014
  • From: Franklin Wi
Posted by Bakster on Sunday, January 3, 2016 11:08 PM

An excellent job on this and a very interesting read.

  • Member since
    September 2012
Posted by GMorrison on Tuesday, January 5, 2016 2:44 PM

It looks like you painted BOTH sides of the sail.

 Modeling is an excuse to buy books.

 

  • Member since
    May 2003
  • From: Greenville, NC
Posted by jtilley on Tuesday, January 5, 2016 8:41 PM

Yes. One theory is that the real thing was made by weaving alternating strips of black and yellow wool cloth - like a lawn chair. Then narrower strips of leather were (so the theory goes) stitched to the edges of the wool strips. 

Youth, talent, hard work, and enthusiasm are no match for old age and treachery.

  • Member since
    September 2012
Posted by GMorrison on Tuesday, January 5, 2016 9:25 PM

Well, ration the man some mead! Or Øl or whatever the bar is serving!

I see comparing the front to back- yellow has black behind it and vis versa.

 Modeling is an excuse to buy books.

 

  • Member since
    September 2012
Posted by GMorrison on Tuesday, January 5, 2016 10:40 PM

Dr. T, I've ordered the book you suggested;

A. W.Brogger and Haakon Shetelig
 
Anyone named Haakon, I'll believe.
I assume thats where you found some idea of the strake spacing. They look pretty long in the mid section.
Very nicely done tiller bar.
 
I'm undecided on the mounting, up high above the base like you've got looks right.

 Modeling is an excuse to buy books.

 

  • Member since
    May 2003
  • From: Greenville, NC
Posted by jtilley on Wednesday, January 6, 2016 11:28 AM

Yeah, the midship strakes are pretty long. They're practically straight - and in Norway in those days there were plenty of big, tall oak trees.

One key to the beautiful lines of the Viking ships is that they flow naturally out of the wood. The Norse did have saws, but apparently they were pretty rare (and probably expensive). Scarcely any have been found. More typically, a board going into a ship would be split out of a log with an ax, and trimmed with a gouge. The shipwrights must have been masters at bending wood, and they apparently let the curves that the oak naturally assumed determine, to a large extent, the shape of the hull.

What I find rather remarkable is how many individual planks there are at the bow and stern. Seems like those are the parts where the shipwright wouldn't want any butt joints. I imagine that's what it took to piece together those sharp curves. Maybe the parts at the bow and stern were scraps left over from the shaping of the longer planks.

One interesting and impressive feature of the Revell kit is the way the designers handled the clinker construction amidships, toward the bottom. The planking seams get softer as they approach the keel, and they're ingeniously shaped so the hull halves can be ejected from the mold. The person who figured out how to do that was a real artisan; in the case of my model, at least, nobody notices how blurry the planking detail on the bottom is.

Compare that with the Heller Victory, on which the "copper sheathing" mysteriously and suddenly stops below the turn of the bilge.

That Revell Viking ship really is one of the best plastic sailing ships ever released.

Youth, talent, hard work, and enthusiasm are no match for old age and treachery.

JOIN OUR COMMUNITY!

Our community is FREE to join. To participate you must either login or register for an account.

SEARCH FORUMS
FREE NEWSLETTER
By signing up you may also receive reader surveys and occasional special offers. We do not sell, rent or trade our email lists. View our Privacy Policy.