I've used powdered concrete dyes for years to color groundwork ( I mix spackle, water and some white glue then slowly add the dye till i achieve the color I want). This creates a color that runs through the groundwork, no need for touch up in case of chipping. I use four colors, black, brown, red-brown and orange. with these, I have been able to recreate a variety of earth, rock and concrete colors. I have also used them to weather and dust my models, with the orange giving a nice fresh burnt, textured rust surface. If i was more computer savvy, I'd post my pictures here. They can be seen on my Facebook photo page, Mike Sievers, Sr.
hope this helps, mike