It almost depends more on the specific kit than the genre, but not entirely.
I consider building just about any kit an exercise in paint a little, assemble a little. You have to look at the kit carefully and reason it out. Do pieces join with all seams in places where there would be a seam? If so, you can paint more before hand. However, if seams should not be visible, and need to be filled and sanded, then painting of those areas must be done after at least some assembly.
It is very hard to paint cockpit details after assembly, so that must be painted beforehand- usually by painting each part seperately, else the masking job would be a nightmare.
On the other hand, I generally leave landing gear off of airplanes until after the major assembly work is done, and painted, as masking landing gear can sometimes result in damage.
While most car kits are made with one-piece bodies that can be painted seperately, there are kits where you have to assemble body from several pieces and fill seams before painting. And, it is hard to paint frame with it assembled to body.
So in general, most kits will involve painting some parts seperately, painting subassemblies, and sometimes painting when almost all assembly is done. You will learn by experience how to look at a kit and figure out a plan for the build. Unfortunately, I believe most mfgs do not believe most folks paint their models. So while they do give you colors, their instructions are geared more to folks who do not paint the model. Sometimes following instructions would make it impossible to paint some parts, or else models with obvious seams from painting parts before assembly.