There are spray cans of Polyurethane, Acrylic, and Lacquer clearcoats that work fine for models. They tend to be cheaper per ounce than hobby stuff, but the nozzles are bigger so they do go on a bit heavier, but they do work.
As far as brushing on a clearcoat, it depends on your brush painting skills. Matt clearcoats are a bit more tolerant of brushmarks than gloss. Glosscoating with a brush requires pretty good handbrushing skills. BTW, one nice thing about Polyurethane clearcoats is that several brands offer a nice eggshell sheen.
Both the acrylic and the lacquer clearcoats dry fast. Most polyurethane varnishes are 24+ hour dry, but miniwax does make a faster drying version.
All of the hardware store clearcoats are available in regular cans and can be thinned with appropiate thinners for use in airbrushes.