I stumbled on this during a websearch. It is the only known recording of a submarine attack on a battleship. The other recording is of USS Sealion attacking an oiler off of the Malay peninsula. There are other ship sounds available on the website.
The Sealion audio was made with an optical recording device set next to the conning tower intercom. It is a little scratchy but you can get the gist of it. Pretty good stuff.
Here is a link to the site: http://www.hnsa.org/sound/#sealion
edit: There are also recordings of the USS Bogue attacking the I-52 with a little bit of U-boat thrown in as well.