Whilst the basic colouring of a lot of British 17th century ships is fairly well known through nautical illustration, the decorative schemes in Europe as a whole have indeed been proven to be very colourful. (although your Blue is traditionally associated with the French!)
Like Roman villas and Medieval cathedrals, I think the modern observer would be suprised to find naval ships of the early-modern period a little garish and tasteless for modern eyes! Some natural pigments can be superbly vivid.
Will