I spray Chrome over Humbrol enamel gloss black and I haven't had a problem with it rubbing of, mainly because the part I've sprayed don't receive alot of handling.
But a test piece I tried, after spraying I gave it a polish with a cloth and the chrome did start to wear away after a while, but I wouldn't say it was rubbing off. In fact I found this handy because once I over did the chrome and it start to dull, so I just gave it a bit of a rub to remove some and it brought it back to brillant chrome.
Try a test piece with a few different primers and spray some chrome over, rub it with a cloth and see if the chrome grips better to any of them.