We'll have to wait for Ross to chime in with the actual chemical engineering, but to my way of thinking, if the paint reduced normally, and sprayed normally, and appeared to be deposited normally, I would not think that the problem is the thinner. If by fragile, you mean that the paint is not sticking well to the surface, I would think that the problem would rest more likely with either the paint or the surface prepartion.
By way of anecdote, I have a bottle of thinner that mostly dates from the 1990's. I can from a 1 quart can of hardware store mineral spirits. I use it mostly for cleaning, recycling it by letting the paint sediment settle into the bottom of the jar and then decanting the clear portion into a clean jar. Although I almost always reduce may paint for airbrushing with new thinner, occaisionally I have used my old recycled stuff with no ill effects. I would think that if thinner was going to lose its properties for reducing paint for airbrushing, I would have seen the effect with my old recycled stuff.
Andy