What everyone above said. Plus, there comes a point where regardless of the high f-stop, light, etc, still not enough depth of field (as we get closer). Folks who shoot close up seriously use a technique called 'focus stacking', in which case they take a series of shots focused at various focal lengths then use a dedicated piece of software to combine them. The result is a great macro (close up) with an apparent depth of field much wider than any lens is capable of achieving. Never tried it myself, but have seen the results.
I have been shooting my WIP pics at f36 with all the stuff mentioned above (half-decent light, tripod, I use the shutter time as opposed to a shutter release) and still if I get too close the DOF too thin to show what I would like to show.
Short of the focus stacking thing, if we want more depth of field and are already at our highest f-stop, we need to back off and sacrifice visible detail.
Hope this isn't too wordy. And that somebody might find it helpful.