I'm truly sorry for this, as I've had it happen too and it can ruin your day.
Fixing it from here usually requires a strip and repaint.
Sort of in order, my thoughts. Primer and paint are two different things. Using multiple coats of the same thing ensures that the two will bond together really well, in this case better than to plastic. Of course exposing primer with tape isn't so great either. I've gone to always using lacquer or enamel primers, regardless of the color coats. For those I tend to use enamels too but it's usually Tamiya primer with Humbrol or Testors or WEM over it. Other spray can primers are ok, but controlling the thickness of the coat can get dicey.
Did you wash the parts well?
I let my paint coats dry a minimum five days, to a week.
What tape did you use? I find that Tamiya or the blue stuff with the orange paper core.
I hope she does ok at the ship hospital!