The big problem you're going to run into is that so few sailing ship kits are currently in production. None of the big manufacturers has made a genuinely new sailing ship kit in at least twenty years. A handful of the older kits are still being produced; others can be found on the shelves of old hobby shops, at swap meets, and on e-bay.
Unfortunately your budget is also a limiting factor. I can remember the days when the most expensive plastic kit on the market was the Revell 1/96
Cutty Sark, at $10.00. The very best
Cutty Sark kit on the market, in my opinion, is the one released by the Japanese company Imai in about 1978. Imai went out of business some years ago. According to the Squadron website ( www.squadron.com ) that
Cutty Sark kit is about to be reissued, under the Aoshima label. In terms of quality and historical accuracy I can recommend it almost without reservations. But the price makes me gag: $150.00.
Heller's H.M.S.
Victory, on 1/100 scale, has some problems but is generally a beautiful kit. It's just been reissued under the Airfix label. I haven't seen the price, but I'm sure it's well over $100.00.
In your price range I think the currently available kits I'd recommend are (in no particular order):
Airfix's
Wasa
Airfix's H.M.S.
Prince (that one actually isn't in the current catalogue, but a good hobby shop might have one)
Revell's small H.M.S.
Victory (not in the U.S. Revell catalogue, but available from Revel Germany - and fairly common in hobby shops)
Revell's small
Cutty Sark (also available via Revell Germany. The big, 1/96 kit is out of your price range, but the little one isn't bad.)
Any of those can be made into an impressive model, more-or-less out of the box.
Airfix also makes a
Victory that's probably just about within your budget, but if you're interested in historical accuracy I can't recommend it. The shape of the bow is severely distorted.
Revell used to make quite a few excellent, medium-sized sailing ship kits, but most of them are hard to find these days. If you can get your hands on a Revell
Mayflower, Charles W. Morgan, Flying Cloud, or
Golden Hind, my advice is to grab it while you can. The same goes for the Airfix
St. Louis, Revenge, and
Royal Sovereign. (The latter two are really old kits and show their age, but nice scale models could be built from them.)
There are a few others that are worth looking at - old kits from old manufacturers, frequently in boxes with other companies' names on them. (In another thread of the Forum several of us Olde Phogeys have been reminiscing recently about ancient Pyro kits that are now being sold by Lindberg.) If you're looking for a really good, well-designed kit that can be turned into a serious scale model without a lot of modification, though, I'm afraid the list is pretty short. The sad truth is that the plastic sailing ship kit market is almost, if not quite, dead.
I wish the manufacturers would pay some attention to this forum. It's convinced me that there actually is a market for such kits - not a huge market, but a sound and steady one.