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How I Build Dioramas(step-by-step)

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  • Member since
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  • From: Montreal/Canada
Posted by JohnReid on Wednesday, April 19, 2006 8:46 AM

Here is a couple of my Hangar Queens!

Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Thursday, April 20, 2006 8:01 AM
Back to the Canuck
I have built a storage rack for the Jenny A's damaged R/H wing assemblies,to be put up along the hangar wall.
The A's fuselage has been set on wooden blocks and the tail raised to flying position and is resting upon a couple of old wooden boxes.
It is now time to get the Canuck on her gear and out of the jig.The airplane will have to be secured to the hangar floor via saw horses and the like because the wheels are just too delicate and fragile to be screwed down in the usual manner.The Albatros wheels were canvas covered and were easily secured.On the Neiuport I used a screwjack and chains for this purpose.Today I will design and build a combo work table-step ladder assembly to secure the airplane to the floor as well as provide for the workers easy access to the airplanes structure.
This next little while will be an exciting time to see the Canuck in its final position and secured to the hangar floor.Patience is truly a virtue in this business.
Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Thursday, April 20, 2006 8:35 AM

Jenny's OX5

Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Thursday, April 20, 2006 7:21 PM
I never did get Jenny out of her jig today as I got side tracked and built a wheeled towbar instead.There was a nice pic of a German towbar from WW1 in a book that I was reading, and it looked like it wouldnt be hard to build, so I took the spare set of Jenny spoked wheels that I had and made my own version.From what I have seen, in my research, these towbars would be made from materials that could be laying around any hangars scrap yard.They were of no particular design and varied a lot from place to place.Tomorrow I will paint and weathered it and then maybe finally get Jenny on her gear.
Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Friday, April 21, 2006 8:02 AM

Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Friday, April 21, 2006 10:16 AM
A Day at the Races."The Calm Before the Storm"
I am now in the planning stages of a new diorama based upon the air racers of the 20-30s era.They will be solid wood models in 1/16th scale but in a diorama setting.I will be using a lot of the techniques that I learned as a decorative bird carver in a somewhat new type of construction.I have been mulling this over for sometime now and I have decided to set out in a new direction.
I have always admired the work of Syl Kill and others that I have seen in the book "Scratchbuilt" and at the Smithsonian but I have never seen them in a diorama setting.
I will be using the Williams Bros. plastic kits as reference materials for the aircraft plus whatever other info I can find.If anyone has any idea of the accuracy of these kits please let me know your opinions.
I will be doing a step by step tutorial of all this starting with the research.When the Jenny is finished in the Fall (I hope) I plan to get the actual build underway.
Cheers! John.
__________________
It has been said that the difference between a "pilot" and an "aviator" is that a pilot is a technician,and an aviator is an artist in love with flight.
JohnReid (Aviator)
Guide my hand in your work today.
Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Saturday, April 22, 2006 12:53 PM

Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Saturday, April 22, 2006 7:36 PM
Almost on her gear!
Well I made the modelers fatal mistake,trying to rush to finish something.In doing so I tried to force something and ended up crushing one of the spoked wheels.Now I have to trade a towbar wheel for an aircraft wheel and rebuilt the other and re-paint them both. Jeez,I should know better by now.One consulation is that the gear is still level and I didnt manage to screw up the whole undercarriage.Tomorrow looks like a day of re-building.
__________________
It has been said that the difference between a "pilot" and an "aviator" is that a pilot is a technician,and an aviator is an artist in love with flight.
JohnReid (Aviator)
Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Sunday, April 23, 2006 8:09 AM

Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Sunday, April 23, 2006 9:07 AM
I have received a bunch of 1/16th plastic and resin figures that I will soon be painting with acrylics.I will be offering a tutorial on" how I paint figures" in the near future, when the weather gets a little warmer and I can paint outdoors.My method is based upon waterbased acrylics using artist's type paints and brushes.Dont let the word" Art" scare you as this method is actually easier than most!
Cheers! John.
Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Sunday, April 23, 2006 7:00 PM
Everything is back to normal, in fact the accident helped me to finally figure out how I am going to secure the Canuck to the hangar floor.
I have often seen in pics when an old airplane was in the shop getting the wheels fixed ,they often secured a temporary wooden wheel to the axle.In this diorama, I could show a simple wheel change going on, and use one of these wooden wheels to drill a hole in and thereby be able to secure a bolt through the floor.The main weight of the model is in the metal engine so the U/C will bear most of this weight .
The wing tips and tail will be fastened down with screw jacks of my own design, much like I had on the Neiuport 28.
Jenny looks so good sitting on her gear that it has convinced me to keep the clutter in this diorama to a minimum unlike the Neiuport that was filled with stuff.I will put in enough to make it interesting but nothing to detract from the airplane and main figure group.Everything else will have to go outside around the hangar and ramp area.The future engine shop will have lots of junk hanging around to make up for it and maybe a little junkyard of its own to have fun weathering.
Man I love this stuff.One day your down cuzz ya screwed up and the next your back on top again because the old girl looks wonderful sitting there in her hangar.
__________________
It has been said that the difference between a "pilot" and an "aviator" is that a pilot is a technician,and an aviator is an artist in love with flight.
JohnReid (Aviator)
Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
  • Member since
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  • From: Montreal/Canada
Posted by JohnReid on Monday, April 24, 2006 8:00 AM

Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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  • From: Montreal/Canada
Posted by JohnReid on Monday, April 24, 2006 8:39 AM
Front and rear pit panels
The above pics are the front and rear pit panels.Note the map case door in the front panel.There is also a glove box( not shown in this pic) behind the rear pilots seat in the turtledeck.The compass is located on a shelf just below the rear panel and is mounted horizontally.The wood is American cherrywood and the instrument faces are from the R/C supplier J'tec.They are supplied in 1/12th scale but can easily be reduced in scale with any good copier.You will have a lifetime supply for WW1 & 2 aircraft as well as most cars and boats all in one package.
There will be no cowling covering this area on the Canuck as it is just too interesting to spoil by covering it.I have however fit this cowling on the "A" fuselage which helps to cover up the lack of detail in the scavenged cockpits.
If I had to do it over again I may have considered doing the instrument rims in brass instead of silver.
__________________
It has been said that the difference between a "pilot" and an "aviator" is that a pilot is a technician,and an aviator is an artist in love with flight.
JohnReid (Aviator)
Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
  • Member since
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  • From: Montreal/Canada
Posted by JohnReid on Tuesday, April 25, 2006 9:25 AM

Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Tuesday, April 25, 2006 10:31 AM
On the left in both pics is the Jenny Canuck tail assemblies.On the right the standard assemblies on most other models of Jenny.
As you can see there is quite a difference in their respective shapes.
Important note:(in the interest of historical correctness) The Canuck tail assemblies as shown would be incorrect on a military version.They should be of metal construction and not wood.All other Jennys were wood.I took a little artistic licence here and made mine in wood as I felt on a barnstormer I could get away with it.Just about anything went in those days before the era of Air Regs.(That is one reason I stay away from military airplanes of this era as I like that sense of freedom when I build)
As you can see these assemblies were built right on a piece of foamboard with a wax paper layer between the plan and the assemblies.I used superthin superglue here as it soaks right in and leaves little residue.As far as the longterm life of superglue ,Ihave no idea, but I made sure that none of these parts were under any tension after being bent.
To bend the tubing I simply bent it around pins that were stuck in the foamboard,a little at a time.(See the rudder assy)
Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Wednesday, April 26, 2006 7:19 AM
Where to spend your time?
I have come to finally realize if you want to be more productive as a dioramist you have to learn where to spend your time.If you insist too much on chasing the perfection genie ,you can get too bogged down in unnecessary detail that will never be seen anyway.( except maybe by the camera lens ).If you want to be more productive and tell more stories, then you have to be selective in your choices of where to spend the majority of your building time.I used to "model for God" (ie:HMS Victory) but it took me 20 years to build just that one diorama.
Well that experience got that out of my system.Now I am more selective.At 65 I have to be.
Yesterday I spent most of the day making a small screwjack for jacking up the axle of the Jenny, where I will be depicting a tire change going on.This is an example of time well spent.Just think of where your viewers eye will be drawn to and that is where you want to spend your time working, not on some piece under the bench in the corner.This all seems quite obviious but it is easy to get lost in the details unless you sit back and ask yourself what is really important from your audiences perspective?Besides, I dont want to be 85 in the old folks home and still working on this diorama.
__________________
It has been said that the difference between a "pilot" and an "aviator" is that a pilot is a technician,and an aviator is an artist in love with flight.
JohnReid (Aviator)
Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
  • Member since
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Posted by JohnReid on Wednesday, April 26, 2006 7:40 AM

Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Thursday, April 27, 2006 8:51 AM

Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Thursday, April 27, 2006 9:58 AM
The top pic is just to show how the finished assembies look out of the jigs.
The bottom pic of the Neiuport diorama, I posted to give you an idea of how I repeated myself and used the same method of securing the Jenny to the hangar floor.I tried saw horses,barrells,jacks etc... and everything was just a distraction from the model and looked heavy and ugly.These open frame wingtip supports have proved to be the most unobtrusive way of securing the wings to the floor.I made the latest ones from hardwood and of the smallest size possible.The base is actually screwed to the floor and there will be wingtip cross members top and bottom just on the overhanging top wing tip.There will be no saw horses.The other point of support will be at the wheel axle where the tire change is going on and will also be screwed to the floor.
I think that this time I will leave the Jenny resting on her tail skid and not evelated to flying attitude.When looking at her it just strikes me thet she looks about ready to fire up and taxi away and this sense of impending motion would be lost.The tail skid will be weighted down with a couple of old cast iron wheels that I found hanging around the hangar.They will also be screwed to the floor and the tailskid attached with rope.
I think that this should hold the airplane down securely enough as I plan to hand deliver it to the museum and hopefully I will be there for the installation.
Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Friday, April 28, 2006 8:36 AM
I have gone about as far as I can go on the airplanes for now.For safety sake I have put Jenny back in her jig ,where she will stay until just before being finally installed in the diorama.There are still some minor things to make yet but all in all she is about 95% finished.
For a change of pace, I think that I will get back to painting figures.I have 14 figures so far for this diorama, whether or not I will use them all or even get more will depend on when I finally realize that enough is enough.
The central WW1 grouping of pilot characters will consist of 4-5 figures.The rest will be supporting cast, passively looking on to this main group.
The pilot group will be assembled near the airplane in the front of the diorama.I plan to extend the front and sides of the ramp area to accomadate the various trucks , cars, and some of the figures.Others will be scattered throughout the office,engine and woodshop modules.All will be looking in towards the main pilot group where all the action is taking place.Basically the idea is to have the main pilot group laughing and joking around, while the others look on in curiousity at the laughter on such a solemn occasion.The idea is to show that the true nature of these pilots cannot be held in check for long.I have spent a lifetime around fighter pilots so I think that I know them pretty well as a group and I wanted to reflect this in my diorama.
The figures consist of 120mm and 1/16 scale,so there is a slight difference (especially the heads) when put side to side.Also there is some difference between manufacters.The main pilot group will consist of mostly Model Cellar WW1 figures and will only be slightly modified as they are all in somewhat passive poses.The Legends and Lore figures , Eduard and Tamiya heads are all about the same size so they will be position away from the main group ,where any slight differences will not even be noticable.There is also the option of mixing and matching heads.In fact heads are available in packs of 4-6 from some manufactures.
Some of these figures will require major modifications in dress,pose etc.. This I will do with my trusty Xacto and A+B epoxy.See Shep Paines and Ken Hamiltons book s on how to modify figures.
My approach to painting is a little different than most as I came to painting from the decorative arts world as opposed to the hobby world.I will explain how I go about painting a figure which is probably a little different than most.Another important consideration is that my painting style may not be acceptable for handheld, up- close inspection of the figure.It is more impressionistic and adapted to lighted diorama type settings.
Yesterday,I stared playing around with the positioning of the pilot group.Model Cellar figures all come with seperate heads which make it a lot easier for getting the group interaction right.It is amazing how only a slight change in position of the head can cast a whole different mood in your piece.This figure positioning is time consuming but a lot of fun and very creative. I just stick a piece of tape to the feet and move them around as need be.The heads are temporarliy stuck on using that putty like post it stuff.At this stage I dont try to position anything in the hangar itself .I work on a small board with just this grouping of 4-5 figures positioning and re-positioning as need be.Later I will work on the positioning of the group relative to the airplane and other hangar furnishings.
Cheers! John.
This
Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Friday, April 28, 2006 9:26 AM

Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Friday, April 28, 2006 9:59 AM
I posted this pic from the old Neiuport 28 diorama to give an idea of positioning the main storyline grouping.While the figures were moved around in the final composition this is the basic idea.The pointing figure pretty much says it all.Everyone can relate to the teacher-student relationship.
This pic also shows the modifications that were made to the figures using the xacto-epoxy method.As far as I can remember all these figures are Tamiya figures from their WW2 series.Most of the mods were done to the uniforms in this grouping.Some later figures were much more extensively modified from standing to sitting positions.These figures are not too expensive and quite easy to cut with a sharp knife.
__________________
It has been said that the difference between a "pilot" and an "aviator" is that a pilot is a technician,and an aviator is an artist in love with flight.
JohnReid (Aviator)
Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Saturday, April 29, 2006 8:30 AM

Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Saturday, April 29, 2006 9:15 AM
Billy Bishop figure

People sometimes ask me "where do you get your ideas for a diorama". Well the last two,the Neiuport and the Jenny ,actually started with the figures.
The pointing figure in the Neiuport diorama and the Billy Bishop,thumbs up, laughing figure that will be the central point of the "Memories of Flight School "diorama are both examples of this..All of the ensuing ideas came from those two gestures.
The above pics give you an idea of my style of painting.The commercial "stand on its own style" is overpainted for my purposes.In diorama work I like to let the light work for me.The pic of my figure is taken with a light overhead as would be the case when it is finally installed in the hangar.If I painted it like the free standing model it would appear in the diorama as being overdone ,in my opinion.
The uniform colors were from pictures and museum artifacts so they are debatable.Keep in mind also that in addition to fading over time and the differences in the camera lens,it seems that in those day different dye lots produced different shades of color.So a little licence I think is acceptable here.
My figure is headless because being part of a group I cannot glue down the heads until I determine how they will relate to one another in the group setting.
__________________
It has been said that the difference between a "pilot" and an "aviator" is that a pilot is a technician,and an aviator is an artist in love with flight.
JohnReid (Aviator)
Guide
Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Sunday, April 30, 2006 8:06 AM
Lighting

Jim on another forum had a question about lighting.

Jim, what I do is try to paint under the same light that the figures will be subjected to in the diorama.Up until now, because I do my dioramas in a closed ,stage lke setting, it has been fairly easy because I can control the lighting and I know what type of lighting that my dioramas will be subjected to.I learned this during my bird carving days when I would paint my birds at home where I control the light and then display them in another setting and they would look totally different.
A fellow carver friend of mine would alway paint his birds in an impresionistic style using lighting from overhead or off to one side (as in a setting sun kind of idea)and they would look just wonderful, then he would take them to competition and the hall would be lit with flourescent lighting and you can guess the rest.
Basically ,what I am saying is that my style of painting is probably limited to diorama type work or natural overhead lighting.My figure painting so far has been relatively easy to do as I let the diorama or shadow box style work for me and I know that other than the camera, there is little close up inspection of my work.
There are some wonderful figure painters out there.Take a look at this great site for some really good info figure sculpture and painting.
www.timelinesforum.com

As far as highlights and shadows goes I generally use shades of the same color that I am using and later play around with pastels for subtle blending.To subdue a color I generally use the color opposite on the artists color wheel for this.
Hope this helps for now.I will try to do a step by step later but the best thing is to just get in there and play around.
One other thing of primary importance is to use a waterbased acrylic that dries absolutely flat and to which you can add your own mediums and varnish yourself.I keep mentioning this but as far as I know up until now nobody has reported back to me that they have given these paints a try.(Remember use thinned gesso as your undercoat.)
Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Sunday, April 30, 2006 8:41 AM

Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Monday, May 1, 2006 7:07 AM

Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Monday, May 1, 2006 7:40 AM
George Patton

George looks a little grumpy today!(you know how we older folks get sometimes)
I will try to put a smile on his face.
Anyway ,there was very little that I had to change with this figure .There was little difference in the uniforms of the doughboys and the flyboys in the US forces in WW1.
I left the riding boots on because in looking at pics of the day I have seen all different kinds of footwear on the pilots, even riding boots.
I dont know about to WW1 guys but I know that fighter pilots of WW2 took many liberties with their uniforms and I suspect that this was even tolerated to some extent in WW1.
__________________
It has been said that the difference between a "pilot" and an "aviator" is that a pilot is a technician,and an aviator is an artist in love with flight.
JohnReid (Aviator)
Guide my hand in your work today.
Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Monday, May 1, 2006 8:15 AM
You know I have been thinking recently about all those artists out there who make guys like me look good.We get all the ooo's and ahhh's for the finished product while they go mostly unrecognized.
I for one would like to thank all those guys and gals for making such wonderful figures(and models of all kinds)that we get to work with.I would not be as nearly as productive as I am if I had to scratchbuild everything(and that is assuming that I could).
As a dioramist ,I am not so much concerned about whether everything I do is scratchbuilt or not, as my main goal is to tell the story.Without the help of all those unsung artists out there,there would be a lot fewer stories being told.
Cheers! John
Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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Posted by JohnReid on Tuesday, May 2, 2006 8:05 AM

Guide my hand in your work today.JWRR. My goal in life is to be as good a person as my dog already thinks I am. My Photoshop: http://s6.photobucket.com/albums/y250/JohnReid/
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