Number Six
Lockheed Blackbirds, A-12, YF-12A and SR-71
The A-12 has been retired since 1968 and the SR-71 since 1990, 1997 or 1999 depending on which of the three "last flights" you want to count. Several books have been written since the retirement and declassification of much of the Senior Crown program and these books have shed much light on the secret life of the Blackbirds.
The SR-71 was designed to fly at a max altitude of approximately 85,000 feet with a cruising speed of about Mach 3.2 while it's older sister, the slightly smaller and lighter A-12 could beat these limits a little bit. While it is physically possible for the SR-71 go Mach 3.5 for a few minutes, sustained speed at that rate would have required several expensive modifications. A "zoom climb" to 95,000 feet was possible, but could not be maintained for more than a few seconds. The jet had an absolute speed limit of 420 KEAS, knots equivalent airspeed due to inlet duct pressures and temperatures as well as inlet capture area and engine compressor inlet temperature.
Mach 3 flight in a Blackbird was accomplished by 389 people, 284 crewmembers and 105 VIP "passengers" in one of the trainers. The USAF had 93 pilots and 89 RSOs qualified to fly the SR-71. 163 had over 300 hours flight time, 69 had over 600 hours, 18 had over 900 hours and only 8 made it over 1,000. RSO Lt Col Joseph "JT" Vida was high time crewmember with 1,492 hours while high time pilot was Major Bredette "BC" Thomas with 1,217 hours. JT was the RSO for the Los Angeles to Washington record run in early 1990 when 17972 was delivered to the Smithsonian Musuem at Dulles IAP. 1 hour, 7 minutes and 54 seconds averaging 2,144 mph. That is approximately 1 mile every 2 seconds.
SR-71s flew 53,490 total hours on 17,300 missions. 3,551 operational missions were over such areas as North VietNam, North Korea, the Middle East, Libya, Iran, Nicaragua, Cuba, South Africa and the Faulkland Islands. While SR-71s were fired upon numerous times by AAA and Surface to Air Missiles, NONE were ever shot down. Demonstrating what no other airplane before or since can accomplish, Blackbirds spent 11,675 hours above Mach 3.
On December 20, 1989, an SR-71A made a near sonic pass down the runway at Burbank Airport, home of the Skunkworks, to honor all those who worked in designing and producing the fastest air-breathing aircraft in the world. Kelly Johnson, long retired and gravely ill was there to watch. He would pass away almost exactly a year later on December 21, 1990, forever a legend like the aircraft that he created.
Darwin, O.F.